Technologies are not neutral and never innocuous. We prioritize, focus, value and engage very different aspects of the world depending on our particular technic extensions and technological orientations. These life-priorities are framed (structured) and unfold in relation to our infrastructural conditions and the resultant cognitive skills and technical procedures.
Heidegger talked about the ge-stell to describe what conditions come into being when technology arises and how certain technic configurations frame (or enframe) what we do, think and how we relate. McLuhan was pretty clear about how technology extends and augments human life. And several people, not the least of which Braudel, Serres and Foucault, have laid bare the power relations involved in acquiring and maintaining certain technological regimes.
We could talk about all this in terms of ‘
modes’: modes of production, modes of communication, modes of semantic evaluation (cultural schema), modes emotional regulation (habitus), modes or energy utilization (extraction and deployment), etc., etc. The key is that any change in a particular mode can affect the overall configuration of modes. So if we change particular technic modes there is a change in certain cognitive modes (skills, assumptions, values, etc.).
Supplemental to this point, if different modes of being or social assemblages generate different aesthetic-existential relations, and therefore ways of understanding the world, then particularly dominating modes of being and becoming foreclose the possibility of honoring and incorporating beneficial instances of alterity. That is to say, the sprawling technical regimes of late capitalism (“the machines”) have proven to be brutal interventions into so many intrinsically valuable – although never completely positive or healthy - life-ways that have existed on this planet. The vicious expansion of capitalistic technic modes have decreased the diversity of
modes in general and therefore decreased our capacity for recognizing and generating alternatives.
Moreover, Marxism, broadly conceived, is a paradigm that also originates from within the matrix of brutal ethnocentric technical and cultural assumptions. Evidence of this comes from Marx’s own writing on India and his denigration of non-urban, non-industrial life. And Marxists of many variations have continued to denounce different modes of being as mere “backwardness”. This, coupled with Marxism’s metaphysical faith in technology and the progressive dialectic of history, is in many ways
both a reaction to and continuation of historically dominating techno-cultural modes of being. Marxist imperialism is still imperialism it would seem.
But we need not bow down to the master narrative (religion?) of Marxist doxa, in order to be against capitalism or against brutalizing modes in general, but, instead foster an openness for hybrid narratives and more complex understandings on the way towards materially instantiating more mutualistic modes of being.
A reinvigorated revolutionary stance, then, would interrogate the assumptions and ontology of existing paradigms and modes, and open itself to minor revisions viz. alternative (non-western, non-phallocentric) ways of knowing, being and relating. Far from being an “unthinking”, a pluralistic ethical and practical assessment of oppression and politics would be a conscious and multi-rational projekt of reflexivity and praxis that attends to the most appropriate and pragmatic practices and insights of all available modes.